Karakachan Dog Breed

The Karakachan dog breed is pretty rare, and is not a member of any breed group within major kennel clubs around the world. These big dogs were developed centuries ago in the mountains of Bulgaria to protect livestock from large predators like bears and wolves--so they're instinctively protective, and will need a lot of obedience training and socialization. Karakachans are best suited to their original purpose of livestock guardianship (preferably in rural areas), but they can be affectionate pets for families willing to train them properly.

A few facts about Karakachan dogs: they're giant-sized, averaging 27 inches at the shoulders in height and 110 pounds in weight; their coats are medium-long in length, thick, and double-layered, and the coats shed seasonally; and as livestock dogs, they'll need a good bit of supervised exercise.

Some advantages and drawbacks to owning the Bulgarian Karakachan dog:

The Karakachan breed has spent centuries guarding sheep and other livestock in the mountains of Bulgaria. Though rare elsewhere, these fearsome dogs are highly prized in their native country for their protective instincts and fearlessness. Dogs of this breed are capable of fending off attacks from even the most vicious of animals; one of its nicknames, in fact, is the Karakachan Bear Dog.

And these instincts for guardianship mean this breed isn't for everyone. Karakachans are naturally suspicious of anyone or anything unknown to them, and will defend their loved ones (with force if necessary!) at all costs. While they're not frequent barkers, these dogs are known for their loud, scary-sounding growls, which they use to deter potential threats. Obviously, Karakachans will need a great deal of obedience training and socialization (starting during puppyhood, if possible) to help keep them from being too aggressive. Owners do say that if properly trained, a Karakachan can be a friendly and well-balanced family companion--but it's best if these dogs are raised alongside any children and household pets.

The Karakachan also has a moderate energy level. Dogs of this breed will need consistent physical and mental stimulation to keep their bodies and minds in good shape.

Because Karakachans are rare, not much info exists about the breed's health. Historically, these dogs have often lived outside as they guarded their livestock, so they're probably healthy and hardy overall--but they likely also suffer ailments common to large dog breeds. These include heart problems, orthopedic issues like hip or elbow dysplasia, and gastric torsion (or bloat). Potential owners are advised to ask breeders for health screenings for the dog and/or its parents, or they can have their own veterinarians do the screenings.

Life expectancy for the Karakachan is actually quite long for a giant-sized breed, at 12-14 years.