Parson Russell Terrier Dog Breed

A member of the Terrier group of breeds, the Parson Russell Terrier (and its near-twin, the Jack Russell Terrier) were first developed in England in the 19th century to be hunting and working dogs. Though the PRT and the JRT were for many years essentially the same breed, the Parson has become known as more of a show dog, while the Jack Russell is more of a working breed. Despite its show heritage, though, the Parson Russell Terrier makes a fantastic pet for active families.

Some Parson Russell Terrier facts: these dogs are small-sized, averaging 13 inches in height and 15 pounds in weight, with either smooth or broken, double-layered coats that are white with markings of black and/or various shades of brown. Here are the advantages (and disadvantages) to owning this breed:

Parson Russell Terrier dogs 101: if ever there were a "large dog in a small dog's body," the PRT is it. This breed is feisty and proud, and can be a handful for even the most experienced owner--but for all that arrogance, the PRT is still affectionate and friendly with one and all.

No Parson Russell Terrier information would be complete without an explanation of what separates this breed from the Jack Russell Terrier. Here's a mini-history lesson: the Parson John (Jack) Russell created a breed, first known as the Fox Terrier, in the mid-1800s. During the 20th century it became known as the Jack Russell Terrier--but around 2000 clubs and kennels around the world recognized show dogs as Parson Russell Terriers, while Jack Russells became known as pets and working dogs. And while the PRT and the JRT have the same temperament, there are slight physical differences: the Parson is more consistent in size, with a slightly longer head and wider chest. Parson Russell Terriers, as show dogs, are more uniform in appearance because they must adhere to a strict breed standard.

Looks notwithstanding, this breed has the "three T's"--the Typical Terrier Temperament. They'll try to dig holes in the living room carpet, and they'll rarely back down from a fight (even with a huge Pit Bull!)--but they'll still shower plenty of TLC on those they love.

Also typical of terrier breeds, the PRT has the energy of several dogs instead of just one! These dogs are strong for their size, and will need plenty of both physical and mental stimulation on a daily basis.

In terms of general physical characteristics, Parson Russell Terriers don't see much variation at all. In fact, dogs of this breed are more uniform in physical makeup than most breeds. Since many PRTs are show dogs, they must adhere to a pretty strict breed standard, so these dogs see little variety in size or other body elements.

As to its coat, the PRT has two varieties: smooth and broken (also called rough). Both coat types are double-layered, with dense, short undercoats; the smooth coats are short to medium in length, hard, and flat. A broken-coated Parsons Terrier (sometimes referred to as a "wire-haired Parson Terrier") has a straight, close-lying, harsh outer coat. The broken variety also has fewer furnishings than the smooth. While breeders certainly offer a rough-haired Parson Terrier for sale, the smooth variant is more common.

Parson Russell Terriers also see very little variation in size. The breed standard allows only for 13-14 inches in height and 13-17 pounds in weight.

Lively, comical, bold, friendly, and often stubborn, the Parson Russell Terrier temperament is one of spirit and affection. These dynamic little dogs are very well-known for their enthusiasm and courage--but those qualities can also get them into trouble, as PRTs have no qualms about challenging anyone or anything--especially dogs five times their size! These dogs usually get along fine with kids, other pets, and strangers, but because of their high prey drives they may instinctively chase (but won't injure) cats or other small pets. It's important to note that because of PRTs' strong personalities, dogs of this breed are best suited for experienced owners.

Parson Russells are also extremely intelligent, and can respond very well to training--if, that is, they actually want to learn! Any training sessions will need to be consistent, engaging, and above all else, fun for the dog. PRTs that get bored will find their own "fun," such as digging holes in your carpet. It's important to keep these dogs busy, especially when teaching them tasks and commands.

All that said, PRTs love their people. They're loyal, curious, and fearless--a combo that makes them great watchdogs. PRTs will usually sound a long, loud vocal alarm when they see or hear unknown sights, sounds, or people.

Parson Russell Terriers are generally very healthy, but possible health issues include deafness, joint problems, and eye issues such as glaucoma or lens luxation.

The average life expectancy for these dogs is 13-15 years.